Unique regulatory authority is the parliament — the Supreme Rada of Ukraine. The main state holiday is Day of independence of Ukraine — on August, 24th. The area of Ukraine — 603,7 thousand square km. The population (according to Ukrainian censuses of 2001) — 48,457 million person. From them in large cities: Kiev — 2.6 million, Kharkov — 1,6 million, Dnepropetrovsk — 1.2 million, Donetsk — 1.1 million, Odessa — 1.1 million inhabitants. Average population density is 80 persons/square km. Ethnic structure: 80% — Ukrainians, the others — Russian, Byelorussians, Jews, Crimean Tatars, Moldovs, Poles, Hungarians, Romanians, Germans, Bulgarians and representatives of other not numerous nationalities. The urban population makes 32,574 million person (67,2%); rural — 15,883 million person (32,8%). Population density — 80 persons/square km. Language: Ukrainian (official language), Russian (the native language about half of population), is compactly living groups speaking on Crimean -Tatar, Romanian, Polish, Hungarian and other languages. Religion: believers belong to a number of faiths from which the most numerous are Christian: orthodox and greco-catholic (Ukrainian Catholic the Byzantian ceremony). Ukraine is the state located in the East Europe. Borders in the north on Belarus, in the north and the east — on the Russian Federation, in the west — on Poland, Slovakia, in a southwest — on Hungary, Romania and Moldova. In the south Ukraine is washed with waters of the Black and Azov seas. The prevailing part of territory of Ukraine (95%) has flat character; mountains are in the west and the extreme south of the country. Ukraine today is 0,41% of territory of a land, 0,85% of the population of a planet and 0,20% of a world total national product. Ukraine is the state with the developed scientific and industrial base, there is the large manufacturer of the electric power, the economy differs a high technological level of development. National economic complex of the country includes mechanical engineering, black and nonferrous metallurgy, shipbuilding, the oil-and-gas and chemical industry, manufacture of buses, automobile and lorries, tractors and other agricultural machinery, locomotives, machine tools, turbines, aviation engines and planes, the equipment for power stations. In Ukraine there is adjusted manufacture of launch vehicles, satellites and the equipment for research of space. Also Ukraine is the manufacturer of military techniques — tanks, military-transport planes, is antiaircraft-rocket complexes, the optical equipment. Planes KB Antonov, lighter-aboard ship, walking dredges, exact machine tools, welding bug devices are made on the newest by technologies and answer the highest world standards. Ukraine carries out the foreign trade transactions almost with 190 countries of the world. |
