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Modern Ukraine is the state with the developed scientific and industrial base, is the large manufacturer of the electric power, the economy differs a high technological level of development. National economic complex of the country includes mechanical engineering, black and nonferrous metallurgy, shipbuilding, the oil-and-gas and chemical industry, manufacture of buses, automobile and lorries, tractors and other agricultural machinery, locomotives, machine tools, turbines, aviation engines and planes, the equipment for power stations.
In Ukraine there is adjusted manufacture of launch vehicles, satellites and the equipment for research of space. Also Ukraine is the manufacturer of military techniques — tanks, military-transport planes, is antiaircraft-rocket complexes, the optical equipment. Planes KB Antonov, lighter-aboard ship, walking dredges, exact machine tools, welding bug devices are made on the newest by technologies and answer the highest world standards. Ukraine carries out the foreign trade transactions almost with 190 countries of the world.
In Ukraine there are three economic areas: Donetsk-Pridneprovskiy, Central — Western and Southern. In the first the enterprises mining, metallurgical, chemical and the heavy industry are concentrated. In the second — processing, light and the food-processing industry are concentrated. In Southern area the shipbuilding, port facilities and the industry of rest prevail are concentrated. The areas that are most attractive to tourism — Crimea and Carpathians.
In Ukraine highly developed the mining industry: extraction of stone and brown coal, oil, gas, iron and manganous ores, ores of colour and rare metals, native sulphur, potash salts, stone salt, etc. Leading place in the industry take branches of the heavy industry: mechanical engineering and metal working (manufacture of machines and the equipment for mountain and an iron and steel industry, power mechanical engineering and the electro technical industry, machine and instrument making, the radio-electronic industry, including manufacture of TVs and the computers, transport mechanical engineering); black and colour (manufacture of aluminium, the titan, magnesium, mercury, etc.) metallurgy; chemistry, coke and petrochemistry (mineral fertilizers, a sulphuric acid, soda, plastic, chemical fibres, etc.)
Are developed: flavoring, including sugar, butter-fatty, meat and milk, canning, wine, tobacco; light (textile, sewing, knitted, leather-shoe, etc.) industry, and also wood, woodworking (including furniture) and pulp-paper industry; manufacture of building materials.
Electric power industry is a key economic branch of an economic complex. It influences the territorial organization of productive forces. This branch is a component fuel -power complex. The electric power industry of Ukraine represents a powerful complex which is one of leaders in the Europe.
Pipeline transport is one of the youngest types of transport. It is intended for transportation of oil, gas and other products. Length of gas mains in Ukraine nearby 35 thousand km, oil pipelines — 2,5 thousand km, oil pipelines — nearby 3 thousand km. For pipeline transport the low cost price of transportations, high efficiency, and flexibility of standard item of production is characteristic.
The system of gas mains is the widest. The territory of Ukraine is used as transit for transportation of gas from Russia to the countries of the Central and Western Europe. The largest of gas mains is Urengoy — Pomary — Uzhgorod. The system of oil pipelines is less, than gas mains. The largest oil pipeline within the limits of Ukraine is the trans-European main oil pipeline «Friendship». Some oil pipelines are laid from Russia to the large centres of oil refining (Kremenchug, Lisichansk, Kherson). Within the limits of Ukraine small oil pipelines Dolina — Drogobych, Bytkov — Nadvornay work. In Ukraine the oil pipeline Kremenchug — Kiev operates. |
